Institutions Cannot Defeat Sharīfian Authority: The Marinid Lesson That Still Governs Morocco

The Marinids built Morocco's greatest madrasas, systematized al-Qarawiyyīn, and imported the Niẓāmī triplex from Baghdad. They built a civilization. Then a Qarawiyyīn scholar chose an Idrīsī sharīf over everything they had constructed — and the lesson has governed Morocco ever since.