The Saint Who Stubbed the Intellect: How Al-Ibrīz Turned Mystical Vision into a Polemical Weapon

In 18th-century Morocco, an illiterate saint's mystical unveilings became the most sophisticated theological weapon of his era. A close reading of how Al-Ibrīz weaponized kashf against rationalist and Shīʿī rivals — and reversed the Niẓāmī Triplex in the process.